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What are they? Probiotics are live bacteria or microorganisms found in the digestive tract which have been shown to benefit human health and contribute to a healthy microbiome. The microbiome refers to the balance of different types of bacteria in the gut and a healthy microbiome contains plenty of beneficial strains (or probiotics). Numerous studies show that a healthy microbiome can positively influence many aspects of human health, including digestion, mental health, and immunity. Probiotics are found in certain fermented foods like yoghurt, kimchi (fermented and spiced vegetables), kombucha (Fermented tea), sauerkraut (fermented cabbage), kefir (fermented milk or water), tempeh and miso (fermented soya). Probiotics may also be taken as a food supplement. Probiotics are also passed from mother to baby via the birth canal during childbirth and via breast milk. The mother’s probiotic status is, therefore, an important consideration during pregnancy, given that her baby will also inherit the same microbiome. There are a number of different probiotic strains, but the most studied strains with proven health benefits include lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium varieties, as well as the yeast saccharomyces boulardii.